Celibates

According to the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, the “manosphere” is an umbrella term referring to anti-feminist communities online, spanning from groups like misogynistic men’s rights activists to involuntary celibates.

Incels, or “involuntary celibates,” are emblematic of this response.

Together dubbed the “manosphere” – itself a cute term that Bates warns trivialises the threat – these movements include “incels”, a shorthand for involuntary celibates.

Those who signed the covenant had to confess their sins, consecrate their property and their labor to the society, and live as celibates.