Epitopes

An antigen usually contains different epitopes along its surface arranged discontinuously, and dominant epitopes on a given antigen are called determinants.

The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes ( amino acids and/or sugars) on the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed.

In particular, she was interested in the role of epitopes – fragments of proteins, five to six amino acids long, that play a critical role in the body’s defence against external diseases.

Different antibodies have the potential to discriminate among specific epitopes present on the antigen surface.

For human tumors without a viral etiology, novel peptides (neo-epitopes) are created by tumor-specific DNA alterations.

Most antigens have the potential to be bound by multiple antibodies, each of which is specific to one of the antigen's epitopes.

Since an antibody has at least two paratopes, it can bind more than one antigen by binding identical epitopes carried on the surfaces of these antigens.

T cell responses typically are directed against a relatively few immunodominant epitopes, although in some cases (e.