Formosan

Puyuma language ( Formosan ) Paiwan language (southern tip of Formosa) Malayo-Polynesian Li (2008) Families of Formosan languages before Minnanese colonization, per Li (2008).

Patches depicting a Formosan black bear holding Taiwan’s flag and punching Winnie the Pooh.

All Austronesian languages spoken outside Taiwan (including its offshore Yami language ) belong to the Malayo-Polynesian branch, sometimes called Extra-Formosan.

Blust (1999) Families of Formosan languages before Minnanese colonization of Taiwan, per Blust (1999).

Ecology and conservation of Formosan clouded leopard, its prey, and other sympatric carnivores in southern Taiwan''.

In 2009, Malcolm Ross proposed a new classification of the Austronesian language family based on morphological evidence from various Formosan languages.

Li proposes a Proto-Formosan (F0) ancestor and equates it with Proto-Austronesian (PAN), following the model in Starosta (1995).

Northwest Formosan * Saisiyat language : Taai and Tungho dialects.

Prominent Formosanists (linguists who specialize in Formosan languages) take issue with some of its details, but it remains the point of reference for current linguistic analyses, and is shown below.

The Paiwan and other southern groups worship the Formosan Hundred Pacer snake and use the diamond patterns on its back in many tribal designs.

The three languages in green (Bunun, Puyuma, Paiwan) may form a Southern Formosan branch, but this is uncertain.

The word for eye in many Austronesian languages is mata (from the most northerly Austronesian languages, Formosan languages such as Bunun and Amis all the way south to Māori ).

Trees or shrubs with stalked shoot buds, male and female catkins produced in autumn (fall) and expanding and pollinating then, three species: * Alnus formosana (Burkill) Makino — Formosan alder.