Hippocampal

Since hippocampal volume decreases with age, the researchers equated the magnitude of the effect of hippocampal atrophy in patients with multisite chronic pain to the effect of in healthy people with an average age of 60.

Pothuizen et al., 2004 The dorsal hippocampal formation also has more place field neurons than both the ventral and intermediate hippocampal formations.

These differences were likely attributable to the fact that children in these settings had more developed prefrontal and hippocampal brain regions, they said.

Acute cannabinoids impair working memory through astroglial CB1 receptor modulation of hippocampal LTD.

It should be noted, however, that these observations were made with intra-hippocampal drug infusions, whereas the acute effect of CBD has been shown to be mediated by the PL and BNST.

The anxiolytic effect of cannabidiol on chronically stressed mice depends on hippocampal neurogenesis: involvement of the endocannabinoid systemInt.

A hippocampal neuron seen in culture.

Chang and Lowenstein, 2003 It is not yet clear, however, whether the epilepsy is usually caused by hippocampal abnormalities or whether the hippocampus is damaged by cumulative effects of seizures.

Each plot shows 20 seconds of data, with a hippocampal EEG trace at the top, spike rasters from 40 simultaneously recorded CA1 pyramidal cells in the middle (each raster line represents a different cell), and a plot of running speed at the bottom.

Eichenbaum et al, 1991 Vanderwolf, 2001 Over the years, three main ideas of hippocampal function have dominated the literature: inhibition, memory, and space.

Goto & Grace, 2008 Others have suggested that hippocampal dysfunction might account for disturbances in long-term memory frequently observed in people with schizophrenia.

In some cases, the firing rate of rat hippocampal cells depends not only on place but also on the direction a rat is moving, the destination toward which it is traveling, or other task-related variables.

In the case of hippocampal cells, this release is dependent upon the expulsion of magnesium (a binding molecule) that is expelled after significant and repetitive synaptic signaling.

In the rat, the two hippocampi resemble a pair of bananas, joined at the stems by the hippocampal commissure that crosses the midline under the anterior corpus callosum.

Jacobs, 2003 This relationship also extends to sex differences; in species where males and females show strong differences in spatial memory ability they also tend to show corresponding differences in hippocampal volume.

Kahana et al., 2001 Sharp waves main During sleep or during waking states when an animal is resting or otherwise not engaged with its surroundings, the hippocampal EEG shows a pattern of irregular slow waves, somewhat larger in amplitude than theta waves.

Loss of hippocampal neurons is found in some depressed individuals and correlates with impaired memory and dysthymic mood.

Nieuwenhuys, 1982 One of the consequences of this is that the medial pallium ("hippocampal" zone) of a typical vertebrate is thought to correspond to the lateral pallium of a typical fish.

O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978 There is now almost universal agreement that hippocampal function plays an important role in spatial coding, but the details are widely debated.

Portavella et al., 2002 Vargas et al., 2006 Thus, the role of the hippocampal region in navigation appears to begin far back in vertebrate evolution, predating splits that occurred hundreds of millions of years ago.