Lamarck

This theory (commonly associated with Jean-Baptiste Lamarck ) is now known to be wrong—the experiences of individuals do not affect the genes they pass to their children, Lamarck, J-B (2008).

Among early works exploring the idea of a transmutation of species were Erasmus Darwin 's 1796 Zoönomia and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 's Philosophie Zoologique of 1809.

Encyclopédie Méthodique de Botanique, vol. 1, pt. 2. Paris, France, pp. 694–695 Lamarck based his description of the newly named species on plant specimens collected in India.

However, the narcotic properties of coca were known only locally until 1786, when Lamarck listed the leaf in his botanical encyclopedia.

Huxley had also rejected Lamarck's theory of transmutation, on the basis that there was insufficient evidence to support it.

In many ways, Spencer's theory of cosmic evolution has much more in common with the works of Lamarck and Auguste Comte 's positivism than with Darwin's.

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829) was the first biologist to describe a complex theory of evolution.

Lamarck had been discredited among intellectuals by this time, and evolutionary (or development) theories were exceedingly unpopular, except among political radicals, materialists, and atheists.

Lamarck had worked independently on cloud classification the same year and had come up with a different naming scheme that failed to make an impression even in his home country of France because it used unusual French names for cloud types.

Lamarck thought there was an inherent progressive tendency driving organisms continuously towards greater complexity, in parallel but separate lineages with no extinction.

The first binomen published after 1753 was Lamarck's Annona dodecapetala (1786).