Lippmann

At the end of the book, I quote Walter Lippmann, the great political columnist, who wrote in 1929 that the central problem of the age is that basically the “acids of modernity” are dissolving every belief system or custom or tradition.

Skeptical citizens in the countryside, meanwhile, continue to resist what looks to them “like an alien invasion” of the nation by city-dwellers, as Walter Lippmann put it back in 1927 – the first year America had more urban than rural citizens.

Effectively, Lippmann's philosophy had the public at the bottom of the power chain, inheriting its information from the elite.

In his best-known books, Public Opinion (1922) and The Phantom Public (1925), Lippmann argued that most individuals lacked the capacity, time, and motivation to follow and analyze news of the many complex policy questions that troubled society.

In his model, Lippmann supposed that the public was incapable of thought or action, and that all thought and action should be left to the experts and elites.

In The Public and its Problems, Dewey presents a rebuttal to Walter Lippmann 's treatise on the role of journalism in democracy.

Lippmann deplored the influence of powerful newspaper publishers and preferred the judgments of the "patient and fearless men of science".

Lippmann's elitism had consequences that he came to deplore.

Lippmann's quarrel was with those very principles and institutions, for they are the product of the pre-scientific and pre-historical viewpoint and what for him was a groundless natural-rights political philosophy.

So, for example, the thought experiment of a Brownian ratchet as a perpetual motion machine was first discussed by Gabriel Lippmann in 1900 but it was not until 1912 that Marian Smoluchowski gave an adequate explanation for why it cannot work.

The other three are the meaning-construction function of the press; (Lippmann, 1920s) cultivation theory ; (Gerbner) the agenda setting function of the press.

Turkish officials replied that they would "deeply resent" any trade involving the U.S.'s missile presence in their country. citation Two days later, on the morning of October 25, journalist Walter Lippmann proposed the same thing in his syndicated column.