Metabolisms

In the new study, feeding pregnant lab animals these plastics restricted the growth of their offspring and harmed the development of their brains, livers, testicles, immune systems and metabolisms.

It provides a thick, sugary nectar for the ruby-throated hummingbirds, which need it in order to feed their fast metabolisms.

Cells with higher metabolisms will use up more oxygen and will lower the blood oxygen level, a process which is monitored by a tiny oxygen sensor placed inside each cubby.

As these animals have faster metabolisms and much shorter lifespans than humans, results from experiments are received sooner, speeding research.

Their metabolisms generally use simple but inefficient chemical processes, and they compensate by consuming large amounts of food relative to their size.

They are required in very small amounts but are essential to plant health in that most are required parts of some enzyme system which speeds up plants' metabolisms.

While all modern birds have high metabolisms and are "warm blooded" (endothermic), a vigorous debate has been ongoing since the 1960s regarding how far back in the dinosaur lineage this trait extends.