Phoneme

A phoneme may be represented by a multigraph (sequence of more than one grapheme), as the digraph sh represents a single sound in English (and sometimes a single grapheme may represent more than one phoneme, as with the Russian letter я ).

In contrast, a phoneme is a speech sound that, in a given language, if it were swapped with another phoneme, would change the meaning of the word.

It is regarded as either a marginal phoneme or not a separate phoneme from / u / by some linguists.

Professor Lee's orthography continues in use, with only two major changes: the addition of wh to distinguish the voiceless bilabial fricative phoneme from the labio-velar phoneme /w/; and the consistent marking of long vowels.

Tamil grammarians of the time classified it as a dependent phoneme (or restricted phoneme citation ) ( cārpeḻuttu ), but it is very rare in modern Tamil.

The process of assigning phonetic transcriptions to words is called text-to-phoneme or grapheme -to-phoneme conversion.

A different kind of issue is that of the Old Turkish genitive /Xŋ/ (where "X" stands for any phoneme) and Old Japanese genitive /no/.

A few minimal pairs like falamos /fɐˈlɐmuʃ/ "we speak" vs. falámos /fɐˈlamuʃ/ "we spoke" seem to clearly indicate that /ɐ/ must be a phoneme, but other analyses are possible.

A given phoneme may be represented by different letters in different periods.

Allophonic variation may be conditioned, in which case a certain phoneme is realized as a certain allophone in particular phonological environments, or it may be free in which case it may vary randomly.

An archiphoneme is an object sometimes used to represent an underspecified phoneme.

Beninese languages are generally transcribed with a separate letter for each speech sound ( phoneme ), rather than using diacritics as in French or digraphs as in English.

Consonant phonics patterns * Consonant digraphs are those spellings wherein two letters are used to represent a single consonant phoneme.

Consonants The phoneme /ʒ~d͡ʒ~ɟ~ɡʲ~ɡ/ is represented by the Arabic letter jīm ( ج main) and has many standard pronunciations.

Coulmas, F. (1996), The Blackwell's Encyclopedia of Writing Systems, Oxford: Blackwells, p.174 An individual grapheme may or may not carry meaning by itself, and may or may not correspond to a single phoneme of the spoken language.

Despite the American English phoneme limitation, an unofficial version with multilingual speech synthesis was developed.

Each phoneme in the table is represented by three symbols.

Each vowel phoneme in the table is represented by three symbols.

Every phoneme has its own letter so that a reader need not learn how a word is pronounced, but simply pronounce it.

First, interchanged allophones of the same phoneme can result in unrecognizable words.