Vivax

Leveraging the expertise of teams in the USA and Philippines, researchers will implement a multi-disciplinary approach to focus their efforts in the Sultan Kudarat province that has seen recent P. vivax outbreaks.

The RAT-style diagnostic test that can find the dormant malaria parasite, Plasmodium vivax.

Although P. falciparum traditionally accounts for the majority of deaths, recent evidence suggests that P. vivax malaria is associated with potentially life-threatening conditions about as often as with a diagnosis of P. falciparum infection.

Among those infected, P. falciparum is the most common species identified (~75%) followed by P. vivax (~20%).

Hypnozoites are responsible for long incubation and late relapses in P. vivax infections, although their existence in P. ovale is uncertain.

Infection with P. vivax, P. ovale or P. malariae usually do not require hospitalization.

P. vivax proportionally is more common outside Africa.

Relapse commonly occurs between 8–24 weeks and is commonly seen with P. vivax and P. ovale infections.

Some P. vivax sporozoites do not immediately develop into exoerythrocytic-phase merozoites, but instead produce hypnozoites that remain dormant for periods ranging from several months (7–10 months is typical) to several years.

Treatment with tafenoquine prevents relapses after confirmed P. vivax malaria. citation Severe and complicated malaria are almost always caused by infection with P. falciparum.