Plasmas in a sentence

Plasmas can occur when gas is energized, Hopkins said.

In multiple previous experiments, the group has manipulated light by using lasers for the rapid generation of plasmas—a phase of matter in which electrons have been torn free from their atoms.

Unlike other tokamaks, the metal donut that houses the MST plasmas is thick and highly conducting, allowing for more stable operation.

They also constitute a fifth form of matter after plasmas, solids, liquids, and gases.

For instance, LPAs can quickly deposit large amounts of energy into solid materials, creating dense plasmas and subjecting this matter to extreme temperatures and pressure.

The researchers propose a new instrument for searching dark matter axions using tunable plasmas.

A detailed treatment is given by Bekefi, Radiation Processes in Plasmas, G. Bekefi, Wiley, 1st edition (1966) while a simplified one is given by Ichimaru.

Crystals of BPO 4 can also precipitate from the flowing glass on cooling; these crystals are not readily etched in the standard reactive plasmas used to pattern oxides, and will result in circuit defects in integrated circuit manufacturing.

Dynamos make use of this basic process ("the dynamo effect "), any and all conductors, solid or otherwise are so affected, including plasmas and other fluids.

Electrolytes and plasmas contain ions and act as conductors whether or not electron flow is involved.

Essentially, all of the visible light from space comes from stars, which are plasmas with a temperature such that they radiate strongly at visible wavelengths.

Except at the high temperatures associated with plasmas, such protons cannot be removed from the electron clouds of atoms and molecules, and will remain attached to them.

Gases and plasmas In air and other ordinary gases below the breakdown field, the dominant source of electrical conduction is via relatively few mobile ions produced by radioactive gases, ultraviolet light, or cosmic rays.

However, this process is hampered by the fact that plasmas conduct readily along magnetic field lines, but less readily perpendicular to them.

Intermediate-wavelength modes (n ~ 5 10 modes encountered in tokamak edge plasmas, for example) are less well understood due to the computationally intensive nature of the stability calculations.

In these plasmas the positive ions are almost all singly charged and there are few negative ions, so there are nearly equal amounts of ions and electrons in each unit volume of plasma.

Physics of Plasmas 2: 146. "Inertial electrostatic fusion (IEF): A clean energy future" (Microsoft Word document).

The most important difference is that in the absence of field line breaking, the magnetic field is tied to the electrons and not to the bulk fluid. citation ; Collisionless : MHD is also often used for collisionless plasmas.

The plasmas used in spectrochemical analysis are essentially electrically neutral, with each positive charge on an ion balanced by a free electron.

This is usually not the case in fusion, space and astrophysical plasmas.